18/03/24
- Documents de travail
How to Measure Access to Cash? Methodology and Evidence from France
We present a methodology to measure access to cash using granular geo-spatial data. Inspired by the existing measures used in other fields, we propose a distance-weighted index of access that accounts for the volume of cash access points in a given area. We apply this methodology to French data at a municipality level and describe the properties of the index. Finally, we offer avenues for further research by elaborating on the municipalities' characteristics that exhibit correlation with the access index.
01/03/24
- Journals
Journal of Financial Stability - Digital Payments and Bank Competition
Journal of Financial Stability - Digital Payments and Bank Competition
27/02/24
- Documents de travail
L’accès aux services bancaires dans les communes de France hexagonale en 2022
L’objectif de cette note est de proposer une mesure de l’accès aux services bancaires pour chaque commune de France hexagonale pour l’année 2022, et de décrire comment varie cet accès en fonction de certaines caractéristiques socio-économiques des communes.
27/02/24
- Documents de travail
Accès des populations et des communes aux équipements bancaires en France hexagonale sur la période 2018-2022
L’objet de cette note est de proposer un état des lieux des évolutions de l’accès
des populations et des communes aux équipements bancaires sur la période 2018-
2022 en France hexagonale.
24/02/24
- Documents de travail
CBDCs, Financial Inclusion, and Optimal Monetary Policy
In this paper we study the interaction between monetary policy and financial inclusion in an economy that introduces a central bank digital currency (CBDC). Using a New Keynesian two-agent framework with banked and unbanked households, we show that CBDCs provide a more efficient savings device for the unbanked to smooth consumption, increasing welfare. A Ramsey optimal policy exercise reveals that the CBDC rate is set at a constant spread to the policy rate. We observe a policy trade-off: a higher CBDC rate benefits the unbanked, but disintermediates banks and reduces welfare of banked households. Taken together, our findings highlight the role of tailoring CBDC design based on the level of financial inclusion in an economy.
